Biochemical study of three legume types by vitamin B12 and aqueous extracts of Cucurbita pepo L. leaves influence
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54172/7bmg0e37Keywords:
Cucurbita Pepo, Peroxidase, Catalase, Carbohydrate, B12Abstract
This study was conducted in the Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Mosul, and included a greenhouse experiment to investigate the allelopathic effects of Cucurbita pepo L. (squash) leaf aqueous extracts at concentrations (2% and 6% w/v), vitamin B12 at concentrations (2 and 6 ppm), and their combined effects on certain biochemical characteristics of seedlings from three leguminous crops (chickpeas, cowpeas, and beans). The study assessed chlorophyll content, carbohydrate content, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD)). The results revealed varied responses among the tested species to the applied treatments. However, the most notable observation was the stimulatory effect of vitamin B12, which significantly enhanced the studied traits and outperformed the squash leaf aqueous extract treatment. Chickpea plants exhibited a decrease in chlorophyll content, accompanied by a reduction in carbohydrate levels across most treatments. The results further showed that the combined application of the aqueous extract and vitamin increased chlorophyll content while reducing carbohydrate levels in both cowpeas and beans. Additionally, an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity was observed in plants treated with the squash leaf extract, indicating elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels due to the effect of released allelopathic compounds. It was evident that the 2% concentration was more effective in enhancing CAT and POD enzyme activity, whereas their effectiveness declined at the 6% concentration. Furthermore, vitamin B12 led to an increase in CAT and POD enzyme activity across all tested leguminous crops.
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