Philosophy and Society

Abstract

Civil society is founded on the principle of meeting and its internal controversy resulting from its inherent contradictions and its expansion in the world and in history, and it is also founded on the dialectical unity of the self and the other, that is, it is founded on the principle of man, on the human spirit that is objectively on a long path of suffering, in a complex process, as All social, cultural, and political relations, all relations of production, and all structures and institutions are, at the end of the analysis, nothing but the objective form of the human spirit, that is, nothing but man objectified or nothing but man having become objective, so that he can truly restore the objectivity of the world in himself. The self cannot perceive its object unless it participates in objectivity, and in this the importance and greatness of human work, I mean the work of the head and hands, is evident. As long as civil society is founded on the principle of humanity, it is founded on diversity, difference, and opposition, and these originally result from natural differences, especially biological ones. Thus, the paper aims to define the value of philosophy as a type of human consciousness, then conduct a historical reading of the emergence of the relationship between philosophy and what is known as the ideal society, as well as civil society.