الدبلوماسية السوفيتية في ليبيا: الدوافع الإستراتيجية والتحديات إبان الحرب الباردة، 1955-1956

I. Primary Documents

• "Transformation of the USSR in Tripoli – Bevin Suggests Liberating Libya Now," The New York Times, April 30, 1946.

• DDI, Documenti Diplomatici Italiani, Serie 10 (1943-1948), Roma: Libreria dello Stato, Vol. 4, 1994.

• French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Reports of the Council of Foreign Ministers - Soviet Pro-posal on Collective Trusteeship at the Fourth Session, April 29, 1946, Vols 1-4, France: Nation-al Printing Office, 1946.

• Mattews, H. L., "The House of Representatives Conference," The New York Times, January 25, 1946.

• Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Soviet Union, Alexander N. Yakovlev Fund: The Middle East Conflict 1947–1967. Memo from G.T. Zaitsev to V.A. Zorin, Moscow, Document No. 186, July 19, 1955.

• Note sur les anciennes colonies italiennes, 1949, MAE, Série Nations Unies et Organisations Internationales 1944–1959, Sous-Série Secrétariat des Conférences, Dossier n° 124.

• U.S. Department of State, "Dispatch From the Embassy in Libya to the Department of State," FRUS, 1955-1957, Africa, Vol. XVIII, Tripoli, November 30, 1955.

• U.S. Department of State, "Letter From Prime Minister Ben Halim to Ambassador Tappin of Libya," Foreign Relations of the United States (FRUS), 1955-1957, Africa, Vol. XVIII, Wash-ington, D.C., April 20, 1956.

• U.S. Department of State, "Letter From the Acting Secretary of State to Secretary of Defense Wilson," FRUS, 1955-1957, Africa, Vol. XVIII, Washington, D.C., November 12, 1955.

• U.S. Department of State, "Telegram From the Embassy in Libya to the Department of State," FRUS, 1955-1957, Africa, Vol. XVIII, Tripoli, February 7, 1956.

• Wechberg, Joseph, "Letter From Libya," The New Yorker, November 2, 1951.

II. Books and References

• Abu Ajila, Muhammad al-Hadi, The Struggle of the Libyan People for Independence 1939-1963, Vol. 1, Libya: Dar wa Maktabat al-Sha'b, 2012.

• Ahmida, Ali Abdullatif, Beyond Orientalism: Critical Reviews in Maghreb Social and Cultural History, Lebanon: Center for Arab Unity Studies, 2007.

• Al-Hasnawi, Dhahir Sakr Muhammad, Libyan-American Relations 1945-1960: A Strategic Vision, Syria: Dar al-Sharq, 2012.

• Al-Kervah, Al-Muntar Al-Tahir, A Study in the History of International Relations: Libya in the Foreign Policy of Russia and the Soviet Union 1911-1951, Libya: April 7th University Publica-tions, 2007.

• Al-Magariaf, Mohammed Yousef, Libya: Between the Past and the Present - The Birth of the Independence State, Oxford: Center for Libyan Studies, 2017.

• Barbour, Nevill, Southwest Africa, New York, 1962.

• Ben Halim, Mustafa, Folded Pages from Libya's Political History, Cairo: Al-Ahram Agency, 1992.

• Bills, Scott L., The Libyan Arena: The United States, Britain, and the Council of Foreign Minis-ters, 1945-1948, Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1995.

• Breslauer, George W., et al., Soviet Strategy in the Middle East, London: Routledge, 2016.

• Byrnes, James F., Speaking Frankly, New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1947.

• Campbell, John C., Defense of the Middle East: Problems of American Policy, Revised Ed., New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1960.

• De Candole, E.A.V., The Life and Times of King Idris of Libya, Manchester: Mohamed Ben Ghalbon, 1990.

• Fatemi, Nasrollah S., The Big Powers and the Present Crisis in the Middle East, Fairleigh Dick-inson University Press, 1968.

• Haqqi, Mamdouh, Arab Libya: As if You Live in It, Beirut: Dar al-Nashr lil-Jami'iyin, 1962.

• Kent, John, British Imperial Strategy and the Origins of the Cold War 1944-1949, Leicester, UK: Leicester University Press, 1993.

• Little, Douglas, To the Shores of Tripoli: America, Qaddafi, and the Libyan Revolution 1969-1989, London: Routledge, 2012.

• Louis, Wm. Roger, The British Empire in the Middle East: Arab Nationalism, the United States, and Postwar Imperialism, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998.

• Metz, Helen Chapin, Libya: A Historical and Cultural Overview, Washington: Library of Con-gress, 1987.

• Roi, Yaacov, From Encroachment to Involvement: A Documentary Study of Soviet Policy in the Middle East, 1945-1973, Tel Aviv University, 1974.

• Rossi, Gianluigi, L'Africa Italiana Verso l'Indipendenza 1941–1949, Milano: Giuffrè, 1980.

• Shuckburgh, E., Descent to Suez: Foreign Office Diaries 1951-1956, London: Norton, 1986.

• Shukri, Muhammad Fuad, The Birth of the Modern State of Libya: Documents of its Liberation and Independence, Vol. 1, Cairo: Dar al-Thaqafa al-Diniyya, 2015.

• Soutou, Georges-Henri, La Guerre Froide 1943-1990, Paris: Pluriel, 2012.

• Trevelyan, H., The Middle East in Revolution, London: Macmillan, 1970.

• Van Genugten, Saskia, Libya in Western Foreign Policies, 1911-2011, London: Macmillan, 2016.

III. Articles and Journals

• Anderson, Carol, "Rethinking Radicalism: African Americans and the Liberation Struggles in Somalia, Libya, and Eritrea, 1945-1949," The Journal of The Historical Society, December 2011.

• Bartenev, V. I., "British Policy Toward Libya (1951-1969)," Moscow University Bulletin, No. 4, 2015.

• Blackwell, Stephen, "Saving the King: Anglo-American Strategy and British Counter-Subversion Operations in Libya 1953-1959," Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 39, No. 1, 2013.

• Cecil, Charles O., "The Determinants of Libyan Foreign Policy," Middle East Journal, 1956.

• Ertola, Emanuele, "Terra Promessa: Migration and Settler Colonialism in Libya, 1911-1970," Settler Colonial Studies, University of California, San Diego, 2016.

• Hurewitz, Jacob Coleman (ed.), "Soviet-American Rivalry in the Middle East," Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science, 1969.

• Ismael, Tareq Y., International Relations of the Contemporary Middle East; Nizameddin, T., Russia and the Middle East.

• Kemp, Geoffrey, "Strategy and Arms Levels, 1945-1967," Proceedings of the Academy of Po-litical Science, 1969.

• Mazov, Sergei, "The USSR and the Former Italian Colonies, 1945–1950," Cold War History, Vol. 3, No. 3, 2003.

• Phillips, James, "Libya's Booming Connection in Moscow," Heritage Foundation Middle East Report, June 1984.

• Romantsev, F., "The Development of Policy in the Arab East 1958-1960," Scientific Editorial Board of the Journal 'History', April 2018.

• Rossi, Gianluigi, "Guerra Fredda E Questione Delle Ex Colonie Italiane nel 1947," Istituto Ita-liano Per l'Africa e l'Oriente, 1978.

• Salhab, Ali Abdussalam, "Soviet Trends Toward the Arab Region (Egypt–Iraq–Syria–Libya) 1953 to late 1970s," Sabha University Journal, Vol. 16, 2017.

• Shuaib, Walid, "Libyan-Soviet Relations 1955-1963," Journal of Historical and Social Studies, University of Nouakchott, 2019.

• St John, Ronald Bruce, "The Soviet Penetration of Libya," The World Today, April 1982.

• Truman, Harry S., Year of Decision: Memoirs, Vol. 1, New York, 2014.

• Worrall, Richard John, "The Strategic Limitations of a Middle East Client State: Britain, Libya and the Suez Crisis," Journal of Strategic Studies, 2014.

IV. Theses and Dissertations

• Abdulla Ali, Ali Abdussalam, "Libya and Britain: A Study of the History of British-Libyan Re-lations 1969-1979," PhD Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2014.

• Abu Bakr, Muhammad Hussein, "The Role of Idris al-Senussi in the National Movement and the Foundation of the Libyan Kingdom (1911-1969)," PhD Thesis, Ain Shams University, 2016.

• Dakheel, Jumah F., "The Impact of the Collapse of the Soviet Union on Libya's Foreign Policy (1991-2003)," PhD Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2014.

• El-Sayed, Majdi Rashad, "US Policy Toward Libya from the End of WWII to the Eisenhower Doctrine 1945-1957," PhD Thesis, Cairo University, 2001.

• Ghulam, Sabih Abdullah, "American Hegemony in the Arab Region 1945-2003," PhD Thesis, St. Clements University, 2011

• .Samaan, Aned George, "The Policy of Containment and the Middle East, 1946-1958," PhD Thesis, Portland State University, 1972