Is the Algorithm a Strength or a Weakness

Between the Levant, the Jazira Region, and Egypt

Abstract

The research deals with the role of the algorithm as a factor of strength and weakness between the Levant, the Jazira region, and Egypt in the period from 623-644 AH / 1226-1246 AD. The research is divided into an introduction, three chapters, and a conclusion. The introduction discusses the importance of the topic, the reasons for choosing it, the challenges it faced, and the importance of the sources used. The reason for choosing the topic is due to its relative oblivion in the history of the region after the death of Sultan Jalal al-Din Mankabarti in 628 AH / 1230 AD, which led many to believe that the role of the Khwarezmians had ended, and this constitutes an interest to explore the period until the end of their influence as a final influential force. The first chapter examines the relations of the Khwarezmians with the Ayyubids in the Levant between 623-634 AH / 1226-1236, reviewing the fluctuations in relations between them and the preoccupation of the Ayyubids with internal disputes, which allowed Sultan Jalal al-Din Mankabarti to attack their possessions on the peripheries. The second chapter deals with the departure of the Khwarezmians from obedience to the Ayyubids in the Levant between 638 - 640 AH / 1240 - 1242, where they joined their opponents and competitors and even alliances and conflicts between them. As for the third and final chapter, it deals with the relationship of the algorithm with King Al-Salih Najm Al-Din Ayyub between 641-644 AH / 1243-1246 AD, showing their role in favor of him or against him, their rebellion against him, and the tragic end they faced at the hands of his relatives and allies in the Levant, especially in the Battle of Al-Qasab in the year 644 AH / 1246 AD.